Archive for November, 2012

UF study finds bedbugs more fertile than expected – Gainesville Sun

UF study finds bedbugs more fertile than expected
Gainesville Sun
The population is going to be less than it would be at home," said Wayne Walker, senior pest control technician at the UF Department of Housing and Residence Education. Walker said it's important to distinguish between an infestation and an introduction.
UF study finds bedbugs capable of beating the odds, living longerThe Independent Florida Alligator

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Black Widow Spiders Seen Around Lubbock – EverythingLubbock.com

Black Widow Spiders Seen Around Lubbock
EverythingLubbock.com
"There's a lot more insect activity in that we're breaking somewhat of a drought," said Gafford, "With the off and on temperature, rain, and drought, that sorta thing, they're driving these things more inside than what we've seen in the past." Gafford

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Citrus growers breathe easier – Porterville Recorder

Citrus growers breathe easier
Porterville Recorder
Now an even tinier insect is putting them at ease. The worry was caused by the Asian citrus psyllid, discovered in a backyard citrus tree in Hacienda Heights in Los Angeles County four years ago. The psyllid is known to carry and thereby transmit to

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Nov 6, 2012 – Fact or Fiction, Effective or Failure?

QUESTION:

I was asked today about using cotton balls in a bowl of bleach to keep squirrels away? I told this customer I had never heard that before. It sounds like a tall tale but I don’t know much about it. What do you know?

ANSWER:

This is fun. The internet provides such a wealth of bad information that homeowners can go to, that I suspect this customer picked this one up at some website offering home remedies to keep squirrels away. First, though, let’s examine the legality of this with respect to the involvement of a pest management professional. The EPA defines a “pesticide” as any substance that prevents, destroys, repels, or mitigates in any way any pest. The word “repels” is very important there, as the use of substances like mint oil, garlic oil, moth balls, or bleach to repel animals would be to use them as “pesticides”, and nearly all pesticides must be registered for that use by EPA. Now, there are certain “exempt” active ingredients that can forego EPA registration, but they still need to be properly labeled for this kind of use in pest management. 

Thus, we as PMP’s are obligated to use products properly labeled for that use, and I would go further to suggest that we AVOID making what would be taken as a recommendation for a homeowner to use these concoctions as well. In a case like this, if I open the door to all possibilities, if you agree with this customer that sure, what the heck, bleach might work really well to annoy squirrels enough to make them go away, you have put your stamp of approval on this use. Now the homeowner puts out a big bowl of bleach with a pile of cotton balls in it and their dog eats them and dies. Guess who is to blame for the death of the dog? Yep………it really does pay to tread lightly around issues like this and stick to what we know is tried, true, and legal. 
In this case I don’t know where this homeowner would want to put that bleach, but perhaps it’s in the attic for tree squirrels or maybe on the ground under a bird feeder or just someplace around the fence line. Presumably bleach (or moth balls or other oils) would repel by creating a strong enough odor that the animals don’t like it, and if it is that strong it could also be harmful to pets and people. By the way, if you want to scare the beejeebies out of people show them the MSDS for good old 5% household bleach. If we had a pesticide with that horrific of wording we’d never use it. The LD-50 in rats is 5800 mg/kg, making it MUCH more toxic than the diluted insecticides we apply within structures. 
But, people are always looking for something other than “toxic pesticides” to use to kill or repel their unwanted bugs and rodents, so they look to household materials that they feel comfortable with, or use plant based chemicals and other “natural” chemicals that they have been convinced are not toxic to humans. How could they be toxic? They’re from plants. You know, from plants, like strychnine and nicotine. So, I suspect that many smelly materials would be repellent to squirrels but also to people. A major constituent of bleach is chlorine, and we know how irritating and painful chlorine can be when we inhale too much of it, so repelling rodents might require that excessive exposure too. 

View past Ask Mr. Pest Control questions.

Nov 3, 2012 – Bait – Shortcomings and Truths

QUESTION:

Are there any rodent baits with Drying Agents that help control odors by drying the body out quicker? I have read the odor questions and using Bac-A-Zap, etc. Also, is there a legal bait for feral cats?



ANSWER:

First on the cats. NO. No, there are no toxins labeled for harming feral cats or feral dogs or many other vertebrate animals, and it is likely that if someone is caught poisoning cats using their own concoctions or an illegal use of rodent baits that person, when caught, is going to be arrested, fined, and hung by his toes by people who, rightfully, strongly protest the harming of cats. Even though they are “feral” animals and in a sense now live a wild existence, they still are offspring of our beloved household kitties, and killing them is not going to be appropriate. For feral cats it is going to be touchy, but working with a local animal control agency you would probably be allowed to live-trap feral cats and take them to that agency for disposition. One concern, of course, is that what one person considers feral or a nuisance cat may just be some neighbor’s cat that spends a lot of time outdoors, and killing that cat is going to cause some serious difficulties. 

On rodents, again no. As far as I know no manufacturer is putting anything in their rodent baits that could accelerate the desiccation of a dead rodent. However, that myth continues to circulate from people who either don’t know any better or who are trying to market a bait under false pretenses, that the anticoagulant baits cause the dead rodent to dry out and not to stink. This just does not occur, and our industry’s rodent control experts tell us this from time to time to keep our knowledge fresh. The dead rodent is going to dehydrate when it is darned good and ready to do so, and for rats this will take a lot longer than for mice, and for dead rats hidden within walls or back in the far reaches of the attic there likely will be foul odors for quite a long time. There also will likely be blow flies developing in that carcass, since that is what blow flies do – seek out and begin the decomposition and recycling of dead animals. 
It is important for us to recognize that most rodenticide labels will have an instruction to, as the Ditrac Blox label does as an example, “collect and dispose of all dead, exposed animals and leftover bait”. A couple of very important points are made here. The first is that by stating this on the Label it becomes mandatory that the PMP return to find and remove dead rodents, not a suggestion, but mandatory. So, the one-shot rodent control in a home won’t work. Return visits are needed to comply with the Label, and the dead rodents that lie in inaccessible locations are going to be a problem, now not only with the flies and odors, but also for Label compliance. This is one reason that trapping may be preferred over baiting inside many structures. 
The second issue there is that removal of all “leftover” bait, again telling us that leaving bait in the attic or crawl space may not be legal. It also takes the bait out of our control and opens the door to possible non-target animals finding it and eating it at some point in the future. 
A couple more points on Fun Myths About Rodent Baits. Rodents that eat anticoagulant baits do NOT “get thirsty” and go outside to find water and thus die there. They will die inside a structure as often as they do outside. It just depends on where that rodent is in the few days after eating one of these chronic baits when it is overcome with the effect of the active ingredient. Another twist on the dehydration myth is that rodent baits cause mummification of the rodent so that it does not create odors. Also not true. 

View past Ask Mr. Pest Control questions.

Nov 4, 2012 – Knock, Knock. Who’s There? Insecticide.

QUESTION:

Insects can either excrete broken down pesticides or use their spiracles to keep them from penetrating as a defense mechanism against harmful substances. Can we assume that, sometimes, well done applications/treatments simply don’t work because of this, considering that the right products and equipment were used?

ANSWER:

I think you just gave a pretty decent example of pesticide resistance. It is true that insects do have the ability to slam shut their spiracles for awhile when they detect something harmful in the air. This may protect them from drowning for some length of time if they fall into water, or keep irritants like fine dusts out of their air pathways. They didn’t survive all these hundreds of millions of years by being patsies and cooperating with us. 

It also is true that many insects have varying susceptibilities to insecticide active ingredients. Our most potent example these days is The Common Bed Bug, which, as one of our industry researchers put it recently, has an amazing ability to develop resistance to chemicals in general. Our most important example of an insecticide that can be metabolized to molecules that are not toxic to it and then to excrete the materials is pyrethrum. It has long been known that the German cockroach is hard to kill with just pyrethrum alone, and this is why piperonyl butoxide is nearly always added as a synergist. The roach can break down the pyrethrum molecule, so the PBO in some way blocks that ability and together the two have a better chance of killing the roach, and many other insects. With pyrethrum alone the German roach may flop over on its back and look dead, but commonly they will overcome that knock down effect and survive to pester us another day. 
We should not confuse “resistance” with “immunity”. The roaches and bed bugs are not immune to any insecticide molecules, but through natural selection and exposing these insects to certain active ingredients or groups of related active ingredients for many years, we have created the monster ourselves. Those individuals that had a natural ability to withstand the “normal” dose of the a.i. may have survived and passed that level of resistance onto their offspring. Since insect breed so rapidly and in such numbers we can witness that resistance ourselves in just a few years of using those insecticides. 
What is needed to kill any arthropod pest with a chemical is the combination of Contact Time and Dose. We can still kill bed bugs with products they are resistant to by confining them to a treated surface for a longer period of time (sometimes a LOT longer), or we can increase the dosage rate of the active ingredient and kill them in less time. This is fine in a lab, but in the field we cannot continue to increase the dose above the Label rates. So, we must place the active ingredient onto the surfaces where we expect the pest insect to spend the most time, and for roaches and bed bugs that is going to be directly into the crevices, holes, gaps, cracks, and voids where they spend nearly 18 hours each day. As long as they are not repelled away from that treated surface by the nature of the active ingredient the bug now is resting on a contact insecticide for 18 hours, slowly absorbing it through the unbroken cuticle and into their nervous system. 
So yes, in a sense you are correct, but the missing ingredient is “placement”. We can use the right product and the right equipment but apply the material to surfaces where it doesn’t have a chance to contact the pest arthropod for a long enough time to get enough a.i. into it to kill it. A nice added benefit to crack, crevice, and void treatments is that not only are they the best places to kill the insect, but they also are the best places to avoid unnecessary contact by people. 

View past Ask Mr. Pest Control questions.

Plan to control weeds opposed

The Government and electricity giant Mighty River Power want restrictions lifted on banned pesticides they want to discharge into waterways – including the Waikato River – to control pest weeds. But iwi groups, environmentalists, beekeepers and the eel …

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Experts: Buy Local Firewood to Prevent Spread of Insects, Diseases

As autumn temperatures cool, many people like to warm themselves with a cozy fire. When choosing firewood, natural resources experts ask that people use local firewood to avoid moving harmful insects and plant diseases into and around California.

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Bill Tyson: Be on the lookout for Kudzu bugs

The adult insects are leaving the fields in search of places to overwinter. While most will settle down into a crack or crevice in tree bark, they are also found in and around homes, where they might settle into siding, behind shutters …

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SF hotels experiencing a spike in bedbugs infestations – KTVU San Francisco

SF hotels experiencing a spike in bedbugs infestations
KTVU San Francisco
Pest control companies say adult bedbugs can usually be spotted with the naked eye, but not always. A bedbug can hide in the thickness of a credit card and can even be found hiding under staples in a box spring. The parasites are hard enough to spot in

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